Correct debate and good argument, as a place for ideas to meet, due to the combination of two aspects, positive-affirmative and negative-other, has a direct and deep connection with the identity structure of the individual, group and society, and is able to play an important role in defining the boundaries to play an identity On the other hand, it is necessary to pass from the reductionist approaches to the investigation of the life of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and to review and rewrite it with the aim of knowingly understanding their identity-building life as a model for creating the present and the future in the Islamic society. The mission of this study is to answer the question that Imam Reza's (pbuh) debates, with the aim of reaching the dimensions and identity-building aspects of Imam Reza's (a.s.) debates, were created in the face of the identity threats created by the false front, whose prominent symbol in that era was the Abbasid caliphate. What was its effect and the functions of what it was. Based on this, the functions of the Prophet's debates are divided into three areas: determining, distinguishing and protecting. The maximum monitoring of issues, questions and doubts and the presentation of various evidences and documents from internal and other sources in the debates, not only led to the establishment and determination of the Shiite identity and its distinction from non-identities, but its epistemological resolution guaranteed the identity security for the Shiite discourse.Based on the teachings of religion, it can be used as a strategy for the identification of individuals and societies.