Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 An Analysis of the Document and Content of Two Hadiths of Imam Reza (A.S) Concerning Luminous Creation An Analysis of the Document and Content of Two Hadiths of Imam Reza (A.S) Concerning Luminous Creation 7 30 64859 FA Imdad Turan Assistant Professor at Shia Studies Department, University of Religions and Denominations Journal Article 2018 06 23 Narrations proving the luminous creation of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his household (A.S) are quoted frequently, in various ways and with similar themes, by the Prophet and innocent Imams in Hadith sources of Shias. Although such narrations are abundant, just two are narrated by Imam Reza (A.S). In the current study, the document of the two narrations are first analyzed in order for validating the authenticity of their narrator. Then the author has attempted to find the original written sources in which the date of the narrations is cited in order to identify the oldest time they belong to. Moreover, the contents of these two narrations are evaluated based on and compared to that of other presumably-correct narrations in order to determine how much they correspond to one another. Finally, the study comes to the conclusion that, despite the weakness of the document of these two narrations, they are acceptable based on all historical and thematic evidences examined. Narrations proving the luminous creation of the Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his household (A.S) are quoted frequently, in various ways and with similar themes, by the Prophet and innocent Imams in Hadith sources of Shias. Although such narrations are abundant, just two are narrated by Imam Reza (A.S). In the current study, the document of the two narrations are first analyzed in order for validating the authenticity of their narrator. Then the author has attempted to find the original written sources in which the date of the narrations is cited in order to identify the oldest time they belong to. Moreover, the contents of these two narrations are evaluated based on and compared to that of other presumably-correct narrations in order to determine how much they correspond to one another. Finally, the study comes to the conclusion that, despite the weakness of the document of these two narrations, they are acceptable based on all historical and thematic evidences examined.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64859_49061f3af2311767c7911ad67d013b14.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 Applying Methods of Tolerance in Educational Conduct (Sīra) of Imam Reza (A.S) Applying Methods of Tolerance in Educational Conduct (Sīra) of Imam Reza (A.S) 31 68 64864 FA Shahrbanoo Delbari Islamic Azad University Mashhad Branch Zahra Zahmatkesh Journal Article 2018 06 23 The practical life conduct of each Shiite Imam is full of fruitful lessons. By considering various events in Imam Reza’s fruitful life, one can find plenty of instructive points and many lessons to learn. One of the principles used in Razavi conduct is the principle of “Tolerance”. Imam Reza (A.S) used to discuss with many intellectual and religious groups and employ a host of strategies in discussion sessions, one of which was the principle of tolerance. The current study is an attempt to answer the following question with a descriptive-analytic method: Which manners of tolerance was used by Imam Reza in dealing with followers of different religions? Commitment to human morality, respecting and being compassionate towards non-Muslims, audience-recognition, being familiar with the language and the sacred texts of other religions, freedom of thought and expression, recognizing the right of other religions’ followers in asking questions,showing religious tolerance and affability while dealing with them and peaceful coexistence with them are among the most important features of Imam Reza (A.S)’s behavior towards followers of other religions. The practical life conduct of each Shiite Imam is full of fruitful lessons. By considering various events in Imam Reza’s fruitful life, one can find plenty of instructive points and many lessons to learn. One of the principles used in Razavi conduct is the principle of “Tolerance”. Imam Reza (A.S) used to discuss with many intellectual and religious groups and employ a host of strategies in discussion sessions, one of which was the principle of tolerance. The current study is an attempt to answer the following question with a descriptive-analytic method: Which manners of tolerance was used by Imam Reza in dealing with followers of different religions? Commitment to human morality, respecting and being compassionate towards non-Muslims, audience-recognition, being familiar with the language and the sacred texts of other religions, freedom of thought and expression, recognizing the right of other religions’ followers in asking questions,showing religious tolerance and affability while dealing with them and peaceful coexistence with them are among the most important features of Imam Reza (A.S)’s behavior towards followers of other religions.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64864_300740fb0162c44955417d0e685dfb57.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 Recognition of the educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) and their application in the present era Recognition of the educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) and their application in the present era 69 104 64867 FA Mohammad Hassan Mirzamohammadi Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Jahani Javanmardi Master of Educational Management, Allameh Tabataba'I University, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Norouzi Master of Islamic Education, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2018 06 23 The purpose of this study was to recognize the educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) and their application in the present era, which was done by documentary analysis. The statistical society included all the resources and references related to the subject matter of the research, in addition, sampling was not done in the research, and all available sources and references, including books, articles and research reports were reviewed. The research tools were notes taken from available resources and the obtained data were qualitatively analyzed. With regard to life style and educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) for correct education and exposure to the features of the present era, the findings and results of the present study have been extracted and explained.in the form of applications of moral education, religious education, emotional education and social education of Imam Reza (AS). The purpose of this study was to recognize the educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) and their application in the present era, which was done by documentary analysis. The statistical society included all the resources and references related to the subject matter of the research, in addition, sampling was not done in the research, and all available sources and references, including books, articles and research reports were reviewed. The research tools were notes taken from available resources and the obtained data were qualitatively analyzed. With regard to life style and educational implications of Imam Reza (AS) for correct education and exposure to the features of the present era, the findings and results of the present study have been extracted and explained.in the form of applications of moral education, religious education, emotional education and social education of Imam Reza (AS).

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64867_2e5dd1d2ae52daa53c862ffa6cb6afa1.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 A Study on Imam Reza’s Transfer to Khorasan within the Framework of Civilizing Hijrat Principle A Study on Imam Reza’s Transfer to Khorasan within the Framework of Civilizing Hijrat Principle 105 130 64869 FA Amanollah Shafaei PhD Student in Quran and Political Sciences, Al-Mustafa International University, Graduated from Qom Seminary Journal Article 2018 06 23 The main concern of the current paper is how we can study Imam Reza (A.S)’s transfer from Medina to Merv and his three-year living in Khorasan according to Islamic Principle of “Hijrat” (the migration) and its role in civilization-building. Based on Islamic logic, Hijrat is a principle equivalent to Jihad, results and effects of which serve the achievement of Islam’s goals and ideals. So, we can analyze Imam Reza’s transfer from Medina to Merv and his living in Khorasan according to the theory of “Hijrat and Civilization-building”, given the results and the effects of his hijrat. Although Imam Reza’s short-term presence in Khorasan brought about a plentiful of blessings and good results for the city, the most important results of his Hijrat, among others, are reinforcing rational-oriented current, flourishing scientific and translation movements, developing the method of debates and expanding the geographical boundaries of Shiites. In addition, Mashhad, the City of Imam Reza, as the center of Khorasan’s civilization, and the Shrines of offspring of Imams have played a key role in promoting and stabilizing Shiite civilization in Iran. The main concern of the current paper is how we can study Imam Reza (A.S)’s transfer from Medina to Merv and his three-year living in Khorasan according to Islamic Principle of “Hijrat” (the migration) and its role in civilization-building. Based on Islamic logic, Hijrat is a principle equivalent to Jihad, results and effects of which serve the achievement of Islam’s goals and ideals. So, we can analyze Imam Reza’s transfer from Medina to Merv and his living in Khorasan according to the theory of “Hijrat and Civilization-building”, given the results and the effects of his hijrat. Although Imam Reza’s short-term presence in Khorasan brought about a plentiful of blessings and good results for the city, the most important results of his Hijrat, among others, are reinforcing rational-oriented current, flourishing scientific and translation movements, developing the method of debates and expanding the geographical boundaries of Shiites. In addition, Mashhad, the City of Imam Reza, as the center of Khorasan’s civilization, and the Shrines of offspring of Imams have played a key role in promoting and stabilizing Shiite civilization in Iran.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64869_5a3b3374d432c9d77f7c90b9ad643450.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 Structural and Conceptual Typology of the Inscriptions of Four Porticos of the Atiq Courtyard of Razavi's Holy Shrine Structural and Conceptual Typology of the Inscriptions of Four Porticos of the Atiq Courtyard of Razavi's Holy Shrine 131 168 64871 FA Maloosak Rahimzadeh Tabrizi Ph.D. Student , Analytic& Comparative Studies of Islamic Art, Department of Art Study, College of Art , Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran. Sedaghat Jabbari Associate Professor, Fine Art Facualty , Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. Mohammadreza Sharifzadeh Associate Professor, Department of Art Study, College of Art , Islamic Azad University, Central Branch, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2018 06 23 Engraving (inscription) is an art that has been customary in recording of events since the last periods and history dates back to stone inscriptions and clay tablets. In Islamic arts, engraving on inscription plays a fundamental role in conveying the spirituality, because this art originates from the origin of truth or Holy Qur'an and Muslim artists have always tried to use manuscripts and engraving on inscription for evoking presence of God everywhere. This matter is especially important in religious places and very evident in the holy shrine of Razavi, which has a great spiritual position. There are valuable inscriptions in the ancient courtyard of the holy shrine of Razavi, which belong to different historical periods. The purpose of present study was to investigate the theme and content of inscriptions in each historical period and the relationship between their subject and their position in the building in addition to study the differences and similarities in structure of inscriptions. The methodology of present study was a descriptive method using library studies and field observations. The obtained results showed that inscriptions have been used to stylize the space and manifestation of God's presence and Spiritual reflection of the words of prophets and prayers in addition to decoration of the building which cause a spiritual connection between man and God. Also, a special location has been determined for each inscription in the building based on its theme, which has been transferred from Timurid period to subsequent periods; but changed due to the cultural and social conditions of each era. Engraving (inscription) is an art that has been customary in recording of events since the last periods and history dates back to stone inscriptions and clay tablets. In Islamic arts, engraving on inscription plays a fundamental role in conveying the spirituality, because this art originates from the origin of truth or Holy Qur'an and Muslim artists have always tried to use manuscripts and engraving on inscription for evoking presence of God everywhere. This matter is especially important in religious places and very evident in the holy shrine of Razavi, which has a great spiritual position. There are valuable inscriptions in the ancient courtyard of the holy shrine of Razavi, which belong to different historical periods. The purpose of present study was to investigate the theme and content of inscriptions in each historical period and the relationship between their subject and their position in the building in addition to study the differences and similarities in structure of inscriptions. The methodology of present study was a descriptive method using library studies and field observations. The obtained results showed that inscriptions have been used to stylize the space and manifestation of God's presence and Spiritual reflection of the words of prophets and prayers in addition to decoration of the building which cause a spiritual connection between man and God. Also, a special location has been determined for each inscription in the building based on its theme, which has been transferred from Timurid period to subsequent periods; but changed due to the cultural and social conditions of each era.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64871_032910511bf4ecb67bf31ba448278419.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 The Methodology of Imam Reza (A.S)’s Reasoning Based on Al-Wilaya Verses in Debates with Merv’s Scholars The Methodology of Imam Reza (A.S)’s Reasoning Based on Al-Wilaya Verses in Debates with Merv’s Scholars 169 188 64873 FA Javad Faramarzi Assistant Professor, Quran Sciences and Hadith Department, University of Science and Education of Holy Quran in Amol City Meysam Khalili nonPhD Student of Quran Sciences and Hadith, University of Meybod. Journal Article 2018 06 23 In Ma'mun’s house and in the debate with Merv’s scholars, Imam Reza (A.S) used 34 verses of Holy Quran to refer to the superiority of his descendant over his nation, and he took benefit of these verses in different ways during the debate. The methods he employed in the debate include interpretation of Holy Quran by the use of Holy Quran, referring to the context of revelation of verses, Jari and Tatbigh (the flowing and comparable nature of verses), stating instances of the verses and brief interpretations of verses. Imam Reza (A.S) cleared many obscurities of verses about Ahl al-Bayt (P.B.U.T.) using the approach of interpreting Holy Quran by the use of Holy Quran, proved the capability of Ahl al-Bayt in being the successors of Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) by referring to the context of revelation of verses, and attributed some verses to Imam Ali (A.S) through Jari and Tatbigh approach. Also, using the approach of instances of verses, he recognized Ahl al-Bayt as instances of Dhawi al-Qurba (literally meaning close relatives) mentioned in Holy Quran. Finally, by briefly interpreting such verses as “And warn [O Mohammad] your closest Kindred”, he considered the verse as an honor for the family of the Prophet. In this paper, descriptive- analytic research methodology is employed In Ma'mun’s house and in the debate with Merv’s scholars, Imam Reza (A.S) used 34 verses of Holy Quran to refer to the superiority of his descendant over his nation, and he took benefit of these verses in different ways during the debate. The methods he employed in the debate include interpretation of Holy Quran by the use of Holy Quran, referring to the context of revelation of verses, Jari and Tatbigh (the flowing and comparable nature of verses), stating instances of the verses and brief interpretations of verses. Imam Reza (A.S) cleared many obscurities of verses about Ahl al-Bayt (P.B.U.T.) using the approach of interpreting Holy Quran by the use of Holy Quran, proved the capability of Ahl al-Bayt in being the successors of Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) by referring to the context of revelation of verses, and attributed some verses to Imam Ali (A.S) through Jari and Tatbigh approach. Also, using the approach of instances of verses, he recognized Ahl al-Bayt as instances of Dhawi al-Qurba (literally meaning close relatives) mentioned in Holy Quran. Finally, by briefly interpreting such verses as “And warn [O Mohammad] your closest Kindred”, he considered the verse as an honor for the family of the Prophet. In this paper, descriptive- analytic research methodology is employed

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64873_01c536e431c4f99277130978b38461bf.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 The Thematic Exploration of the Theological Argumentations Based on Imam Reza (A.S)'s Doctrine The Thematic Exploration of the Theological Argumentations Based on Imam Reza (A.S)'s Doctrine 189 222 64875 FA Fereshte Motamad Langrodi Ph.D Student in Quranic Sciences and Hadith, University of Al-Zahra, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding author). Marzieh Mohases Associate Professor, Theology and Religions Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Akbarizadeh Associate Professor, Arabic Literature Department, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran Zahra Ghasem Nejad Associate Professor, Quranic Sciences and Jurisprudence Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal Article 2018 06 23 The theory of "Argumentation" serves as an aspect of discourse which aims at presenting an argument to bring about an internal influence within the addressees. The process is carried out through the utilization of linguistic elements in discourse. In the present era, one might use this new method of discourse analysis to open up a new way to the authentic heritage of Imam Reza (A.S). In line with the necessities of his time and along with purification of theological discussions, Imam Reza (A.S) adopted an argumentative discourse and a guidance-oriented approach to maximally use the reasoning potential of his addresses. In addition to the scientific explanation of the argumentation theory, the study at hand has set out to answer this question: According to Imam Reza (A.S)'s doctrine, which themes serve as the main axioms of the theological arguments? Regarding the research method, the study has employed a descriptive-analytical approach. Consequently, after specification of the conceptual boundaries of the term argumentation and similar terms such as polemic, sermon, argument and persuasion, the contemporary approaches to this theory are used to categorize the themes of Divine Oneness, Imamate, and Prophecy as the frequent themes of those traditions received from Imam Reza (A.S), based on argumentative discourse. In the eyes of the authors, the Imamate theme – as the most frequent theme in Imam Reza's (A.S) theological arguments – has not only been a necessity of the time, but also an indication of a necessity in Shi'a school and Imam Reza's (A.S) cultural advice on the necessity of equipping the Shi'a with different means to prove the principle of Imamate. In other words, as a result of using this discursive style, the concept of the Imamate of the Prophet's Family (A.S) – as one of the main issues of the Muslim society and the essence of Shi'a school – receives more attention. The theory of "Argumentation" serves as an aspect of discourse which aims at presenting an argument to bring about an internal influence within the addressees. The process is carried out through the utilization of linguistic elements in discourse. In the present era, one might use this new method of discourse analysis to open up a new way to the authentic heritage of Imam Reza (A.S). In line with the necessities of his time and along with purification of theological discussions, Imam Reza (A.S) adopted an argumentative discourse and a guidance-oriented approach to maximally use the reasoning potential of his addresses. In addition to the scientific explanation of the argumentation theory, the study at hand has set out to answer this question: According to Imam Reza (A.S)'s doctrine, which themes serve as the main axioms of the theological arguments? Regarding the research method, the study has employed a descriptive-analytical approach. Consequently, after specification of the conceptual boundaries of the term argumentation and similar terms such as polemic, sermon, argument and persuasion, the contemporary approaches to this theory are used to categorize the themes of Divine Oneness, Imamate, and Prophecy as the frequent themes of those traditions received from Imam Reza (A.S), based on argumentative discourse. In the eyes of the authors, the Imamate theme – as the most frequent theme in Imam Reza's (A.S) theological arguments – has not only been a necessity of the time, but also an indication of a necessity in Shi'a school and Imam Reza's (A.S) cultural advice on the necessity of equipping the Shi'a with different means to prove the principle of Imamate. In other words, as a result of using this discursive style, the concept of the Imamate of the Prophet's Family (A.S) – as one of the main issues of the Muslim society and the essence of Shi'a school – receives more attention.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64875_fcd3f775cd632f8e0759ad57f9b71bca.pdf

Imam Reza (A.S) International Foundation for Culture and Arts Journal of Razavi Culture 2345-2560 5 20 2018 02 20 Characteristics of good managers in Razavi creed Characteristics of good managers in Razavi creed 223 254 64877 FA Ahmad Reza Shahali Assistant Professor of Islamic Studies Department of Iran University of Science and Technology. Mohammad Mehdi Davali Member of faculty member of Public Management Department of Payame Noor University. Journal Article 2018 06 23 One of the important factors for durability and survival of a system and government is the appointment of competent managers and agents for decision making in the society. Thought, behavior and performance of these managers could improve Islamic behaviors and values of the society, create trust between people and rulers and solve society problems. Accordingly, attention to the internal and external competencies of managers in their selection and appointment is considered necessary. Using descriptive-analytic method in this research, the merit criteria - based on the scientific and practical creed of Imam Reza (AS)- derived and finally five-faced model (Knowledge, Skill, Self-concept, Feature, Motivation) introduced as the final model in the form of two categories of soft and hard competencies. One of the important factors for durability and survival of a system and government is the appointment of competent managers and agents for decision making in the society. Thought, behavior and performance of these managers could improve Islamic behaviors and values of the society, create trust between people and rulers and solve society problems. Accordingly, attention to the internal and external competencies of managers in their selection and appointment is considered necessary. Using descriptive-analytic method in this research, the merit criteria - based on the scientific and practical creed of Imam Reza (AS)- derived and finally five-faced model (Knowledge, Skill, Self-concept, Feature, Motivation) introduced as the final model in the form of two categories of soft and hard competencies.

http://www.farhangerazavi.ir/article_64877_b7093b3d068c865a65a1c977a347dbb1.pdf