Journal of Razavi Culture

Abstract One of the fundamental duties of Islam is enjoining good and forbidding evil. The appearance of some narrative evidence indicates the necessity of this obligation. On the other hand, there are narrations that list the limitations for the establishment of obligation. Zahir, one of the narrations transmitted by Imam Reza (a.s.) is a guide to the unworthiness of giving advice because it is unfortunate for the audience. This essay is based on a descriptive-analytical method in order to assess the correlation of this hadith with the guiding evidences on the duty of commanding what is good and forbidding what is bad. In order to achieve this goal, the possible reasons for the Imam's refusal to give advice have been highlighted and criticized as follows: the advice is seditious, it is not effective in the audience, the advice is instructive, and the obnoxious action in question is not included in the level of negation. In the last step, with the benefit of the significance analysis of the evidences showing the conditions for the obligation of this obligation in the field of being effective, as well as the guiding traditions on the conditions of effective advice, the selected point of view has been organized. The evaluation of the research is that relying on some historical documents and jurisprudential evidences, it is necessary that the narration is related to things that there is certainty about the ineffectiveness of admonition.

Abstract The issue of divine will, like many of God’s attributes, has always been the subject of debate and controversy among philosophers, theologians and orators. In the discussion that will is one of the divine attributes, there is no doubt or disagreement, and everyone considers it to be one of the attributes of divine perfection, but the difference of opinion is in the truth of will. The topic of discussion in this research is a famous hadith of Imam Reza, in which he explains the truth of divine will and the difference between it and human will. In this hadith, Imam Reza considers the divine will to mean “creation of action” and the human will as “inner song” and the result of previous thoughts and mentalities, and briefly explains their difference. In fact, when we are faced with the content of this hadith, we are faced with two main issues: the difference between the will of God and the will of man, and the attribute of essence or the attribute of the act of God’s will. In this research, we have explained the hadith of Imam Reza regarding the difference between the will of God and the will of man, and the attribute of essence or the attribute of action of God’s will.

Abstract The pilgrimage to sacred places is considered one of the highest forms of worship and an exceptional opportunity for the purification of the soul and the spiritual training of the pilgrim. It also serves as a renewal of the covenant with the divine saints on the path of the sacred goal of monotheism. Religious studies on pilgrimage indicate that visiting the family of infallibility and purity (peace be upon them) has certain conditions under which true pilgrimage gains meaning and leads to the growth and advancement of both the individual and the Islamic community along three axes: self-cultivation, transformation of others, and civilization building. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method, examining both the documentary and interpretative aspects of the narration “‘Aarifan bi Haqqih,”)Knowledge of the Rights of the Imam) attributed to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) regarding the pilgrimage to Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (peace be upon him), It demonstrates that this narration is sound in terms of its chain of transmission. To fully comprehend the blessings of visiting the infallible, one must acquire true knowledge of the Imam. Understanding his rights entails believing in his obligation to be obeyed, recognizing him as God’s proof over creation, and acknowledging him as the intermediary of divine sustenance, among other aspects.  

Abstract The first step to respond to doubts is to know the methods of doubting the opponents. One of the methods of skepticism of the opponents of Shia doctrines is to refer to Imami hadith sources. Dr. Nasser Ghafari, the author of the book Uṣūl Madhhab Shiʾa, Naghdun wa ʾArḍun (Religious Principles of the Shiite, Criticism and Commentary) has also benefited from this method. Using library sources and using the analytical descriptive method, this article seeks to find the methods of Ghafari's skepticism on those Shia doctrines that are documented in the book ʾUyun Akhbār al-Riḍā (as). For this purpose, all his references to this book have been checked from the methodology perspective. The result of the research is that his doubts has a methodological evaluation in three categories: the possibility of conflict between hadiths, the possibility of hadith conflict with Qurʿan and fallacy. Things like fragmenting the text, improper understanding of words, not paying attention to the hadith family, and exaggerating the problems of the hadith are included in the first category. Also, misunderstanding of Quranic concepts and fragmenting the texts of hadith has caused the possibility of conflict between hadiths and Qurʾan. In the field of fallacies, cases such as exclusivity, lexical fallacies, as well as the fallacy of extraneous reason, three frequent types are evaluated in Ghafari's method of skepticism.

Abstract God’s unity (Tawheed) is one of the most fundamental beliefs of a Muslim. All prophets and their divine successors made any efforts to strengthen this creed among people, whose their first and last purpose being taking human beings to theoretical as well as practical divine unity. In this article, we seek help from hadiths by Imam Reza (AS) in order to remind part of misunderstandings of some Islamic sects in this regard as well as correct them by referring to hadiths by holy Imams especially Imam Reza (AS).

Abstract History of every nation includes the lives of human beings and their relations, from artistic and religious to human ones. Iranian history includes two powerful dynasties of Timurid and Safavid which have left many trails in the biggest religious place in Iran, Imam Reza’s Holy Shrine. Porches made in Timurid and Safavid eras are among the most important architectural works in the country located in Imam Reza’s Shrine. They contain different artistic and religious inscriptions and this difference is a result of variety that existed in their separate eras. This paper seeks to review the differences and similarities of the porches made during Timurid and Safavid eras. The methodology is that the contents of Quranic inscriptions are analyzed while the benedictory ones as well as the Persian verses are compared in order to find an answer to the main question of the article. Results indicate that in Timurid era, more attention is paid to Quranic content while in Safavid, the focus is on artistic decorations.