Journal of Razavi Culture

Abstract Throughout history, European travel writers and tourists interested in visiting the Razavi Shrine often traveled to Mashhad without knowing the specific rules of the Razavi Shrine and its sanctuaries. During their travels, tourists would ask their Muslim companions, who were on their way to visit the Shrine, They rarely mentioned in their travelogues any reports of their fellow travelers not being accepted, or any complaints or grievances about the regulations for travelers in pilgrimage caravans. However, when they arrived in Mashhad, based on their goals, which were mostly to tour and visit the historical complex of the Holy Shrine, They would encounter an unexpected challenge that would make them tired of the journey. Preventing non-Muslims from visiting the Holy Shrine was a problem during the Qajar and Pahlavi eras, which made European tourists very reluctant to travel to Mashhad. The research method in this study is quantitative and qualitative with a descriptive approach based on events taken from European travelogues in the 13th and 14th centuries AH. This research seeks to find the answer to the question: What measures or reactions did non-Muslim travel writers have in order to create a ban on the Holy Shrine? This research seeks to find the answer to the question: What measures or reactions did non-Muslim travel writers have in order to create a ban on the Holy Shrine? The findings of this study indicate that a large number of them were subject to the legitimate laws and current regulations of the Holy Shrine and public opinion. Therefore, after understanding the limitations, they preferred not to even approach the sanctum sanctorum. Some people also entered the shrine of Imam Reza through legal channels and influence, and a few people have also visited or reported on the holy shrine using subtle tricks and special tricks.

Abstract Coins, as valuable material objects, possess various cultural functions beyond their economic role. Due to these cultural functions, from the late Qajar period, coins known as Ziyarat-Neshan were minted in Mashhad. Additionally, starting in 1950 CE (1328 SH), Astan Quds Razavi minted Imam Reza (AS) Birth Coins for use in religious ceremonies, which became a cultural symbol. Over time, these birth coins gained diverse functions within this significant endowment and were minted and widely used over three decades. No prior research has explored the functions of Ziyarat-Neshan and Imam Reza (AS) Birth Coins. Thus, this article addresses the key question: What functions did Ziyarat-Neshan and Imam Reza (AS) Birth Coins serve at Astan Quds Razavi? This historical study, conducted through library-based research using Astan Quds Razavi documents and Mashhad-printed newspapers, reveals that the newly minted coins, known as Ziyarat-Neshan in Mashhad and Imam Reza (AS) Birth Coins in Tehran, served multiple functions within this major endowment. They were distributed as gifts to guests on occasions such as Imam Reza’s (AS) birth anniversary, Imam Hussein’s (AS) birth anniversary, and Nowruz. Moreover, they were presented as blessed tokens to notable domestic figures such as athletes, ministers, courtiers, and foreign dignitaries—including presidents, ministers, their entourages, and other prominent pilgrims—participating in the shrine’s dust-clearing ceremonies. Additionally, a significant portion of the Imam Reza (AS) Birth Coins, due to their spiritual significance, were sold as blessed items in the Astan Quds Razavi Museum.
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Abstract The field of cultural economy is one of the new and profitable fields that can provide good solutions to solve the financial problems of cultural organizations with scientific study. Astan Quds Razavi organization is one of the organizations that is active in the field of cultural economy; But it has not yet been able to use the many capacities it has. On the other hand, due to the lack of research in this field and considerations related to the Astan Quds Razavi organization; For example: the image and brand of Imam Reza (PBUH), there is no research that can solve this need. The current research tries to extract the components of the cultural economy in Astan Quds Razavi by using thematic analysis method by emphasizing the narrations of Oyyun Al-Akhbar Al-Reza (PBUH) and using the statements of the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, the macro policies of Astan Quds Razavi and theoretical litrature. After extracting the texts related to the research from the mentioned sources, about 1200 initial codes were extracted. After screening and combining the initial codes, 99 basic themes, 20 Organizing themes and 6 global themes were extracted; global themes are including “productivity, cost reduction and revenue increase”, “image and prestige of Astan Quds Razavi”, “attention to synergy, coherence and coordination”, “strategic planning, foresight, rationality, and scientific awareness”, “creativity and innovation” and “contextual conditions and activity infrastructure”. Finally, the network of themes presented in this research can help policy makers of cultural economy in Astan Quds Razavi for successful planning in this field.

Abstract This article has been done in order to examine the content of the speeches of the shrine in the decade of dignity. Its analysis is based on the three key dimensions of the Islamic revolution, religious culture and Razavi culture, using 59 lectures and a codebook. The method used in this study is content analysis. The findings show that 80% of the lectures are suitable for content analysis. The most lectures in Imam Khomeini’s portico were given by Mr. Mandegari and Mr. Aali with an average duration of 31 minutes. About 80% of the lectures were public and 20% were only for women. In general, the most attention is paid to the religious culture index with 69%, followed by the Islamic Revolution index with 19% and the Razavi culture index with 11%. The most repeated dimensions in the speeches of the Decade of Dignity are: Religious education from the perspective of Islam, dignity and freedom, the role of knowledge in pilgrimage, human dignity in the Qur’an, hypocrisy and hypocrites in Islam, forgiveness and altruism, mother’s position in education, kindness and behavioral kindness, the position of Haḍrat Masoumeh (as), knowledgeable kindness and love, the position of Imam’s descendants (Imam Zādegan), the model of not following the arrogant, compassion and Jihadi management, the relationship between religion and politics, interaction with the deprived, work and entrepreneurship in Islam, protection of Islamic unity, resistance economy, economic and constitutional way and Sheikh Fazlullah; Therefore, it has been concluded that the dispersion of the content of the lectures is high, and on the other hand, some speakers have also tried to develop the scope of their concepts. Some have given short and some long speeches.

Abstract Organizational citizenship behavior and its desired results are vital and critical in organizations. This issue is more important in spiritual and religious organizations such as Astan Quds Razavi. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between spiritual intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior and moderating role of duty background in the Imam Reza (AS) holy shrine. With regard to the goal, this research is of applied model. Also, the research method is descriptive correlational. The population of this study consists of 705 employees working in the religious places. According to the Morgan’s table, 247 people were classified through random sampling and selected as the sample of this study to complete the questionnaire. Data collection tools were organizational citizenship behavior standard questionnaires of Buil et al. (2016) and spiritual intelligence standard questionnaire of Abdul Rahman and Medi Shah (2015). In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling method was used along with LISREL and SPSS softwares. The result shows that the spiritual intelligence enhances the organizational citizenship behaviors. Also, the positive moderating role of duty background in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior was confirmed.