Journal of Razavi Culture

Abstract The existence of divine proof at all times and its continuation until the Day of Resurrection is one of the tenets of Shia belief, even among the branch sects; Hence, even the Waqifites (Waaqefiyyah) and the opponents of Imam Reza’s (p. b. u. h) imamate came through this principle in rejecting him and denied his Imamate. However, during the narration that is analyzed in the following article, Hazrat Reza, peace be upon him, answered the deniers of his Imamate. The imamate of Imam Reza (p. b. u. h) was doubted once after the martyrdom of his noble father, and it led to the formation of waaqefiyah, and once again, the fact that he did not have children at an advanced age caused doubts among some of his followers. so that some of them converted to waaqefiya; Despite this, there was a definite belief in the continuity of divine proofs in the beliefs of the Shiites, to such an extent that even the Waqifites had no choice but to adapt their deviant beliefs to this original belief in order to achieve their goals. This article, while re-reading Ibn Bashar’s narration, explains Ibn Qiyama’s conversation with the Imam of the Waaqefiyyah group, with a verbal and ruling approach, explaining the Imamate after him. The issue of the earth not being empty of imams from a theological point of view, on the one hand, and the issue of the absence of two speaking imams at the same time from a ruling point of view, on the other hand, are two important and fundamental points in this article; that Ibn Qiyamai Waaqefi in his conversation with Imam Reza (p. b. u. h) acknowledges both of the mentioned issues. Due to the lack of specific background in this field, The innovation of this article is in this aspect, which makes it clear in an interdisciplinary way with a theological and ruling point of view, and in a descriptive and analytical method, while examining and analyzing the content of the mentioned hadith, and analyzing the various affairs of the Imamate, that the dignity of Wilayat is the only dignity that The title of Hojjat, meaning intermediary in divine grace, is continuous and manifests in only one person from the divine saints at any time and cannot be assigned to two people at the same time.

Abstract During his Imamate, Imam Riḍā (as) was faced with various theological, religious sects. Various sects and trends had emerged among the Shiites. Among the most influential of them - among the Shiites - is the deviant sect Wāqifīyah. The Wāqifīyah sect can be considered the first group within the Shia that made a large number of common people lean towards them with their deviance. A group of knowledgeable people who were actually the lawyers and deputies of Imam Mūsá Kāẓim (as), the honorable father of the eighth Imam. Due to various motivations, they created the sedition of endowment on the Imamate of Imam Mūsá Kāẓim (as). The social status of this sect and other factors caused a large number of nobles and commoners to lean towards Wāqifīyah. The present research, in a descriptive-analytical way, based on Pedam's method of narrative discourse analysis and its completion, has dealt with the approach of Imam Riḍā's (as) communication in dealing with this deviant group. The analysis of structural space and semantic space of Imam Riḍā's (as) speech with the leaders of the Wāqifīyah clearly indicates the decisive position of the eighth Imam in facing this deviant trend. The findings show that imams mostly take an offensive-repulsive approach when dealing with Wāqifī leaders. This approach has the highest frequency with 58%. On the other hand, defensive and absorbing approaches have the lowest frequency with 9 and 10 percent. The Imam's communication approach in dealing with the followers of Wāqifīyah - who had joined this sect with bad intentions - is in most cases an attractive-repulsive, aggressive and repulsive approach. However, this honorable Imam, in dealing with the misguided public or those who are suffering from sedition and doubters regarding the martyrdom of Imam Kāẓim (as), have dealt with an absorbing and absorbing-repulsive approach.

Abstract Using descriptive, historical method and with a look at hadiths narrated from Imam Reza (AS), this article tries to discuss Imam Reza’s views towards important issues of the society and government during the critical period of 183-203 A.H./799-818.The issue of Imam Reza’s successorship along with other influential factors such as the outbreak of deviant sects, the division of Abbasid caliphate and uprising by Alavis (the descendants of Imam Ali) led to modern questions, requiring answers arisen from an intellectual view. For this purpose, Imam Reza (AS) made use of several means to prove the truth of Shi’ite beliefs, including consideration of Islamic texts, defending the legitimacy of the Imams’ authority (wilayah), forming intellectual debates, making use of the language of intellect and reasoning, taking a scientific approach in debates and considering the level of the audiences’ understanding.
 

Abstract Although it was not an unprecedented issue to name a person from Ahl-al-Bayt as the last Imam and Expected Mahdi, a group of Shiites considered Imam Kazem (PBUH) as Expected Mahgi and Qa’em and thus rejected his demise and refused to accept Imam Reza as the next Imam. They were known as Waqifite. Since they posed a serious threat to Shia’s noble mentality, Imam Reza paid special attention to them and allocated much time and effort to deal with their issue. Thus, analyzing the nature of this incident and those involved has been a subject of interest for the researchers and analysts of Islamic studies. Although remarkable and valuable literature has so far been authored regarding introducing this faction, an analysis on the mutual relations and positions between Imam Reza and Waqifite is less accounted for. With descriptive -analytical method and in library-collection manner, this article examines the issue of Waqifite on two main bases: 1) What Waqifite is and who they are; 2) how Imam Reza confronted them.