Journal of Razavi Culture

Abstract The Alids have always been considered a political opposition group within the Abbasid rule. With the increase in protest movements during the era of Imam Reza (AS), the Abbasid caliph Ma’mun attempted, through a soft-power strategy, to both suppress these protest movements and eliminate the spirit of protest and uprising against usurping governments from society. Upon discerning this design, Imam Reza (AS) engaged in a three-pronged confrontation: to thwart the implementation of Ma’mun’s plan, to sustain the spirit of protest and uprising in society by introducing a standard model for protest movements, and also to identify deviant protest movements. This research essentially seeks to answer the question: How, and based on what propositions and components, did Imam Reza (AS) preserve and guide the protest movements endorsed by the Imamate current? To answer this question, it seems necessary first to enumerate the types of protest movements in the era of Imam Reza (AS) and then, in the second stage, answer the main question. The findings of this article, which are based on library research methods, historical sources, and data analysis, will categorize the typology of protest movements into four types: Government-seeking, Reform Movement, Deviation, and Method. Furthermore, Imam Reza (AS) endeavored to sustain the spirit of protest in society and transmit it to future generations of Shi’a by introducing the necessary components of the standard model for protest movements.

Abstract Nowadays, democracy is discussed as a public demand. Therefore, it requires to be promoted in the Islamic Republic of Iran through a crystal-clear model and genealogy. The main question to be answered in this study involves whether the Ahl-al-Bayt Sireh (conduct), which is somewhat a basic model underlying the Islamic Republic of Iran, provide a certain practice or genealogy about democracy? The Razavi Sireh (conduct) brings us such a model for two important reasons. The intellectual and political life of Imam Reza (AS) helped him promote the Ahl-al-Bayt teachings through democratic practices. On the other hand, debates as the context of democratic model, has set the ground for dissemination of Islamic teachings. It seems that the similarity of today’s society to that of Imam Reza's era can also be another reason why this research can be useful. This paper intends to answer the proposed question through inter-religious studies, library studies, and with referring to original scripts