Journal of Razavi Culture

Abstract One of the brilliant aspects of Imam Reza (A.S), which is reported in history, is the rain prayer which Imam Reza made it during his time in Khorasan.  This event is very important and can be analyzed from various aspects both from educational and social-political aspects.  Therefore, attention to different dimensions of this section From Imam Reza's Sīra, it can be the source of many issues in the Islamic community.  In this article, an attempt has been made to reconsider the historical event of the Imam's rain prayer, functions and effects of the rain prayer based on in two Social-political functions and educational practices dimensions  has checked and explained.  The findings of this research, which are based on the validity of the nature is analytical-descriptive method, And based on credit is the historical-traditional issue, Shows the cultural struggle with the “Taghout” government , creating social unity and vitality, Publication of “Tawhīd” (monotheism) and the general tendency towards religion are functions of the rain prayer in Sīra Razavi.

Abstract The nature and the concept of justice is one of the important issues that have been dealt with regarding to God and His acts and also concerning the universe and above all the man and his personal and social actions. There have been made important discussions about justice so far. What have been discussed in this article is studying justice and its nature in the words of Imam Reza (AS). This study has in an analytic-descriptive way propounded this main question: what is the root and the basis of justice in view of Imam Reza (AS)? The secondary questions: Is justice a contract or something genuine and real? How can justice be exercised and fulfilled in individual acts and society?  The thesis is that the basis of justice in view of Imam Reza (AS) is a monotheistic truth and it is identified with the pure reality. So, justice is a reality and noumenal, although it is applied in contract issues, too. The only way to fulfill justice in the individual acts is self-refinement and becoming pious, and realization of justice in the social sphere also depends on the implementation of the laws and commands of Allah and being adhered to in the community.

Abstract Human rights are a collection of rights and freedoms that any human being can benefit from duringhis individual and sociallife in order to maintain his inherent dignity. This concept is suchnotable when looking at Imam Reza (A.S)’s wordsand conduct that by referring to it, one might gain an appropriate understanding of the relationship between Islam and human rights.Along with explaining Religious Laws and orders of perspicuous religion of Islam,Imam Reza would describe principles and basics of human rights in order to create a pious and faithful-to-people society, and finally manifest ways of guidance and bliss to everyone. The present study aims to consider, carefully and systematically, the key principles of human rights as assumed by Imam Reza, by gathering library documents and resources, with the approach of content and document analysis. It is attempted to depict the behavior and attitudes of Imam Reza towards the concept of human rights and its position in Islam. According to Imam Reza’s trainings,Human dignityis the base of everything, and all human rights’ principles are shaped based on this principle, as well as equity and freedom. Imam Reza’s efforts on human rights are not restricted to financial, judicial and social rights. Rather, rights related to human thoughts are more important for him, some clear examples of which are non-imposition of religion and freedom of scientific discussions.

Abstract Shiite leadership for the first time in the era of Imam Javad (A.S.) faced different questions. This led to a special position for the Imam. Although, he achieved the successorship (Imamate) at early ages, he was successful in facing the forthcoming problems, both in politics and society and beliefs and thoughts. He directed Shiite successorship in an appropriate path in a way that there was no other persistent split in Shiite religion and Imamate. Imam Javad (A.S.) had a particular mission compared to other Imams due to his presence in a special period of history; which was the mission of being a role model and making role modeling for the future of religious thinking. This continued to the absence of the twelfth Imam. This article attempts to demonstrate him being a role model briefly and to answer this question that why this Imam has been distinguished to such a concept? The main hypothesis of this paper is that Imam Javad (A.S.), due to his presence in the period of rationalism and influx of critical thoughts, took the position of cleaning the Islamic thought by presenting an excelled criterion and could turn to a persistent role model in Shiite history despite all political and intellectual invasions.

Abstract The purpose of this research is to find strengths and weaknesses, foreign opportunities and threats regarding historic Hijrah Route of Imam Reza– Velayat Road- between Neyshaboor and Robat-e Torogh, Mashhad. 140 questionnaires has been distributed and collected among statistical population of the current research including managers of organizations and community institutions, professors of the university and advisors who are involved in historical, economic and social and cultural, political and climate aspects of the Velayat Road and tourism. Statistical Analysis of the research indicates that historic landmarks like Qadamgah, holy places and inns, caravanserai and cisterns on the route is considered the most significant strong point and shortage of medical health facilities is the most significant weak point, very high capacity of the Route (Mashhad) is considered major opportunity and lack of strategic plan for attraction of foreign tourists is considered as a most significant threat for reviving the route. SWOT analysis shows that planning for national registration and then world record of the Velayat road, creating systematic mechanism to facilitate the travel and to reduce concerns of the tourists, and aligning the officials with the people of the region could be appropriate strategies for revivaling of the Velayat Road.

Abstract Debates are one the effective ways for explaining the perspicuous religion of Islam and proving its realities. As the most authentic and the most definite Divine deed, the Holy Quranhas acknowledged the effectiveness of debates and they serve as one the discursive methods used by the Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H). The employment of this method by Imam Reza (A.S) in discussions with prominent leaders and theologians of different religions and factions was particularly outstanding due to its extensive reflection on Islamic and Shiite thought. Being such important, the current study attempts to consider the basics and the components of Imam Reza's scientific debates and introduce the ones mentioned also in the Holy Quran as comprehensive models for religious free-thinking and Islam dissemination, through a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study indicate that Imam Reza's scientific debates can be divided into three main categories, namely ethical index, logical index and free-thought index, the analysis of each of which can lead to the presentation of a comprehensive model for Islam dissemination in the contemporary era. Obviously, works produced as a result of such studies could play a strategic role in propagating and spreading true Islamic culture and civilization in the contemporary era.

Abstract One of the basic issues in the field of anthropology, which in turn is an attempt to demonstrate the superiority of a philosophical-social school over other competing schools, is explaining the nature of "human dignity" and its origins, significance and human, religious, moral, legal and social achievements. The present article is a comparative study of theoretical and practical components of "human dignity" from the perspective of the religious anthropology of Imam Reza (P.B.U.H.) with the foundations of humanism anthropology. The method used in this study is descriptive-analytical. Among the most fundamental theoretical and practical advantages of human dignity from the perspective of religious anthropology of the Imam as well as the achievements and innovations of the present paper are: the development of the horizons of thought and realism of a Muslim on objective and existential truths; non-uniqueness of the epistemic resources in the sense and experience and its development on the sources of revelation in line with a deeper recognition of the instances of the right and the wrong, and good and evil; the imposition of "human dignity" on the fields of "inherent" and "acquired and valued", the emergence of inherent dignity and the acquisition of man from God, the ability to arbitrarily deny the inherent dignity of man by himself, the imposition of man's dignity, as well as the spiritual, individual and eternal fields on material, worldly, social and governmental areas; infrastructure nature of the humanity of man and superstructure nature of its material, sensual and instinctive needs; the non-contradiction nature of Islamic penalties with human dignity.

Abstract Like the biography of many descendants of the Imams of Shi'a, the biography of Ḥusain ibn Mūsā al-Kazim, the brother of the eighth Imam (A.S.) is somewhat obscure. There are several views about his burial place. According to the famous report, he was buried in the city of Ṭabas. The views on this subject are based on documents that one of which is a letter attributed to Imām Riẓā (A.S.). This letter was addressed to the governor of Ṭabas. It seems that the letter was written about Ḥusain ibn Mūsā. The letter reads, “A twelve years old youth from the family of the prophet, named Husain, wanted to go to Ṭabas and settle in the city”. The writer of the letter wanted the Ruler to help find the young boy. The letter asks the Ruler to inform the Imam as soon as he finds the boy. This paper examines the validity of such a letter from the Imam. Using descriptive-analytic method, the letter's document and its content are reviewed. The results revealed some errors in this letter: a) The unity of the report; b) quoted text of the letter in a later resource; c) the unknown identity of Āmir ibn Zurwāmihr; d) the inconsistency of the age of Husain with some historical reports; and e) the literary issues and some spelling problems in the text of the letter.